Anomaly Cancellations in Brane Tilings

We re-interpret the anomaly cancellation conditions for the gauge symmetries and the baryonic flavor symmetries in quiver gauge theories realized by the brane tilings from the viewpoint of flux conservation on branes.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX; v2: minor corrections, a note on the zero-form flux adde

D-brane Instantons as Gauge Instantons in Orientifolds of Chiral Quiver Theories

Systems of D3-branes at orientifold singularities can receive non-perturbative D-brane instanton corrections, inducing field theory operators in the 4d effective theory. In certain non-chiral examples, these systems have been realized as the infrared endpoint of a Seiberg duality cascade, in which the D-brane instanton effects arise from strong gauge theory dynamics. We present the first UV duality cascade completion of chiral D3-brane theories, in which the D-brane instantons arise from gauge theory dynamics. Chiral examples are interesting because the instanton fermion zero mode sector is topologically protected, and therefore lead to more robust setups. As an application of our results, we provide a UV completion of certain D-brane orientifold systems recently claimed to produce conformal field theories with conformal invariance broken only by D-brane instantons.Comment: 50 pages, 32 figures. v2: version published in JHEP with references adde

Global symmetries and 't Hooft anomalies in brane tilings

We investigate the relation between gauge theories and brane configurations described by brane tilings. We identify U(1)_B (baryonic), U(1)_M (mesonic), and U(1)_R global symmetries in gauge theories with gauge symmetries in the brane configurations. We also show that U(1)_MU(1)_B^2 and U(1)_RU(1)_B^2 't Hooft anomalies are reproduced as gauge transformations of the classical brane action.Comment: 41 pages, 6 figure

Observing quantum non-locality in the entanglement between modes of massive particles

We consider the question of whether it is possible to use the entanglement between spatially separated modes of massive particles to observe nonlocal quantum correlations. Mode entanglement can be obtained using a single particle, indicating that it requires careful consideration before concluding whether experimental observation, e.g. violation of Bell inequalities, is possible or not. In the simplest setups analogous to optics experiments, that observation is prohibited by fundamental conservation laws. However, we show that using auxiliary particles, mode entanglement can be converted into forms that allow the observation of quantum non-locality. The probability of successful conversion depends on the nature and number of auxiliary particles used. In particular, we find that an auxiliary Bose-Einstein condensate allows the conversion arbitrarily many times with a small error that depends only on the initial state of the condensate.Comment: 8 pages (two-column), 2 figure

A quantum theoretical explanation for probability judgment errors

A quantum probability model is introduced and used to explain human probability judgment errors including the conjunction, disjunction, inverse, and conditional fallacies, as well as unpacking effects and partitioning effects. Quantum probability theory is a general and coherent theory based on a set of (von Neumann) axioms which relax some of the constraints underlying classic (Kolmogorov) probability theory. The quantum model is compared and contrasted with other competing explanations for these judgment errors including the representativeness heuristic, the averaging model, and a memory retrieval model for probability judgments. The quantum model also provides ways to extend Bayesian, fuzzy set, and fuzzy trace theories. We conclude that quantum information processing principles provide a viable and promising new way to understand human judgment and reasoning

On Dimer Models and Closed String Theories

We study some aspects of the recently discovered connection between dimer models and D-brane gauge theories. We argue that dimer models are also naturally related to closed string theories on non compact orbifolds of \BC^2 and \BC^3, via their twisted sector R charges, and show that perfect matchings in dimer models correspond to twisted sector states in the closed string theory. We also use this formalism to study the combinatorics of some unstable orbifolds of \BC^2.Comment: 1 + 25 pages, LaTeX, 11 epsf figure